В. Пивоварение

При изготовлении пива в Германии сырьём обычно служит ячмень. Зерно содержит крахмал, но тем не менее вряд ли содержит достаточно сахара в свободном виде. Поэтому ячмень прежде всего проращивают, при этом образуются амилазы, затем проросшие зерна осторожно нагревают для получения солода. При этом большая часть крахмала превращается в дисахарид мальтозу (см. Моно- и дисахариды). Полученный продукт (сусло) варят, добавляют дрожжи и хмель и оставляют бродить на несколько дней. Добавление хмеля повышает сохранность пива и придаёт ему слегка горьковатый вкус. Другие компоненты хмеля обладают успокоительным и мочегонным действием.


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