А. Образование нуклеиновых оснований

Пиримидиновое кольцо собирается из трёх компонентов: атомы азота N-1 и углерода с C-4 по C-6 поставляются аспартатом. C-2 происходит из HCO3-, а второй атом азота (N-3) — из амидной группы глутамина.

Синтез пуринового кольца идёт сложнее: единственным крупным предшественником является глицин, из которого происходят C-4 и C-5, а также N-7. Все другие атомы кольца поставляются отдельно: C-6 происходит из HCO3-, амидная группа глутамина даёт атомы N-3 и N-9, донором аминогруппы для N-1 выступает аспартат, переходя, как и в цикле мочевины (см. Эйкозаноиды), в фумарат. Наконец, атомы углерода C-2 и C-8 происходят из формильной группы N10-формилтетрагидрофолата (см. Коферменты переноса групп).


Метаболизм нуклеотидов / Биосинтез пуринов и пиримидинов

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