В. Биосинтез катехоламинов

Катехоламины — группа биогенных аминов, содержащих в качестве общего фрагмента 3,4-дигидроксифенилаланин («катехол»). Биосинтез этих веществ начинается с аминокислоты тирозина. Гидроксилирование тирозина [1] приводит к образованию 3,4-дигидроксифенилаланина (дофа). При последующем декарбоксировании [2] образуется дофамин. При дальнейшем гидроксилировании [3] дофамин превращается в норадреналин (норэпинефрин). Донором водорода в этой реакции служит аскорбат (см. Водорастворимые витамины. II). Наконец, метилирование норадреналина [4] приводит к образованию адреналина (эпинефрина). Дофамин, норадреналин и адреналин являются медиаторами. Адреналин выполняет функции как медиатора, так и гормона.


Ткани и органы. Нервная ткань / Медиаторы нервной системы

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