В. Протеогликаны

Протеогликаны — одни из наиболее крупных молекул (М больше 2×106 Да); они включают белковую (5 %) и углеводную (95 %) составляющие и по форме напоминают ёршик для мытья бутылок. Белковые мономеры, несущие множество полисахаридных цепей, ассоциированы с осевой молекулой гиалуроновой кислоты (полисахарид, см. Растительные полисахариды). Полисахариды, обнаруженные в протеогликанах, обычно содержат ацетилированные аминосахара и, следовательно, относятся к гликозаминогликанам.

Основной структурной единицей различных гликозаминогликанов является дисахаридное звено, состоящее из уроновых кислот (глюкуроновой, идуроновой или галактуроновой) и N-ацетилгексозамина (GlcNAc или GalNAc). Протеогликаны составляют основное вещество межклеточного матрикса.


Ткани и органы. Соединительные ткани / Состав межклеточного матрикса

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