В. Транспортные процессы

Активный транспорт может идти по механизму унипорта (облегчённой диффузии), согласно которому только одно вещество переносится через биомембрану в одном направлении с помощью канальных или транспортных белков (например, транспорт глюкозы в клетках печени). Активный транспорт может протекать по механизму сопряжённого переноса (симпорт, сопряжённый транспорт), когда два вещества переносятся одновременно в одном направлении как, например, транспорт аминокислот или глюкозы вместе с ионами натрия в кишечных эпителиальных клетках, либо в противоположном направлении (антипорт, обменная диффузия), как, например, обмен ионов HCO3- на Cl- в мембране эритроцитов.


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